I-hot-dip galvanizingkuyindlela esetshenziswa kabanzi yokuvikela insimbi nensimbi ekugqwaleni. Le nqubo ihilela ukucwilisa insimbi ebhavini le-zinc encibilikisiwe, eyenza uqweqwe oluqinile, oluvikelayo. Insimbi ewumphumela ewuthayela imelana kakhulu nokugqwala futhi ingamelana nezimo zemvelo ezinzima. Kodwa-ke, ukuzuza imiphumela emihle kudinga ukubambelela ezidingweni ezithile kanye nezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu. Lesi sihloko sidingida izidingo ezibalulekile zokugalela idiphu ukuze kuqinisekiswe imiphumela yekhwalithi ephezulu nehlala isikhathi eside.
1. Ukukhetha Izinto
Imfuneko yokuqala yokufaka i-hot-dip galvanizing ukukhethwa kwezinto ezifanele. Akuzona zonke izinsimbi ezifanele le nqubo. Ngokuvamile, insimbi nensimbi yizo eziyinhloko. Ukwakheka kwensimbi kungathinta kakhulu izinga legalvanizing. Isibonelo, ukuba khona kwezakhi ezifana ne-silicon ne-phosphorus ensimbi kungathonya ukushuba nokubukeka kwe-zinc coating. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha izinto ezinokwakheka okulawulwayo neziyaziwayo ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela engaguquki.
2. Ukulungiselela Ubuso
Ukulungiswa kwendawo kuyisinyathelo esibalulekilei-hot-dip galvanizinginqubo. Indawo yensimbi kufanele ihlanzeke futhi ingabi nakungcola okufana namafutha, amafutha, ukugqwala, nesikali sokugaya. Noma yikuphi ukungcola kungavimbela i-zinc ekunamatheleni ngendlela efanele, okuholela kwikhwalithi ephansi yokunamathela. Ukulungiswa kwendawo ngokuvamile kuhilela izigaba ezintathu:
- I-Degreasing: Ukususwa kokungcola kwemvelo kusetshenziswa izixazululo ze-alkaline noma izincibilikisi.
- Pickling: Ukususwa kokugqwala nesikali kusetshenziswa izixazululo ezineasidi, ngokuvamile i-hydrochloric noma i-sulfuric acid.
- I-Fluxing: Ukusetshenziswa kwesisombululo se-flux, ngokuvamile i-zinc ammonium chloride, ukuvimbela i-oxidation ngaphambi kokucwiliswa ku-zinc encibilikisiwe.
Ukulungiswa kwendawo efanele kuqinisekisa isibopho esiqinile phakathi kwensimbi ne-zinc coating, okuthuthukisa ukuqina nokusebenza kwe-galvanizing.
3. Ukwakheka Kokugeza Nokushisa
Ukwakheka kanye nezinga lokushisa lokugeza kwe-zinc yizici ezibalulekile enqubweni yokufaka amadiphu ashisayo. Ibhavu le-zinc kufanele liqukathe okungenani i-zinc emsulwa engu-98%, namaphesenti asele ahlanganisa izinto ezifana ne-aluminium, umthofu, ne-antimony ukuze kuthuthukiswe izici zokumboza. Izinga lokushisa lokugeza ngokuvamile liphakathi kuka-820°F no-860°F (438°C kuya ku-460°C). Ukugcina izinga lokushisa elifanele kubalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe umfaniswano kanye nekhwalithi ephezulu yokunamathela. Ukuchezuka kungabangela iziphambeko ezifana nokushuba okungalingani, ukunamathelisa kahle, nokubamadlakadlaka kwendawo.
4. Isikhathi Sokucwiliswa
Isikhathi sokucwiliswa kubhavu we-zinc singenye ipharamitha ebalulekile. Kuncike ukushuba kanye nosayizi weinsimbi efakwa uthayela. Ngokuvamile, insimbi icwiliswa ize ifinyelele izinga lokushisa lokugeza, okuvumela i-zinc ukuba yakhe isibopho se-metallurgical nensimbi. Ukucwiliswa ngokweqile kungabangela ukujiya okweqile, kuyilapho ukucwiliswa ngaphansi kwamanzi kungaholela ekuvikelekeni okwanele. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula okunembile kwesikhathi sokucwiliswa kuyadingeka ukuze kuzuzwe ukujiya okufunayo kanye nekhwalithi.
5. Ukwelashwa Kwangemva Kokugcotshwa Kwamagalaji
Ngemuva kokuthi insimbi ikhishwe ku-ukugeza kwe-zinc, ithola ukwelashwa kwangemuva kokuvuthwa ukuze kuthuthukiswe izindawo zokumboza. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zingase zihlanganise ukucisha emanzini noma ukupholisa umoya ukuze kuqiniswe ukunamathela kwe-zinc ngokushesha. Ukwengeza, ukwelashwa kwe-passivation kungasetshenziswa ukuvimbela ukwakheka kokugqwala okumhlophe, uhlobo lokugqwala okungenzeka ezindaweni ezisanda kubalwa. Ukusingathwa ngendlela efanele kanye nokugcinwa kwezinto zikathayela nakho kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ubuqotho bengubo.
6. Ukuhlola Nokulawula Ikhwalithi
Okokugcina, ukuhlolwa okuphelele nokulawulwa kwekhwalithi kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumeleloi-hot-dip galvanizinginqubo. Ukuhlola kuvame ukubandakanya ukuhlola okubonakalayo, izilinganiso zokushuba, nokuhlolwa kokunamathela. Amazinga afana ne-ASTM A123/A123M ahlinzeka ngemihlahlandlela yokuqina nekhwalithi eyamukelekayo. Ukunamathela kulawa mazinga kuqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo eyenziwe ngamagalani ihlangabezana nemibandela yokusebenza edingekayo futhi ihlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okuhlala isikhathi eside ekugqwaleni.
Isiphetho
I-hot-dip galvanizing iyindlela ephumelelayo yokuvikela insimbi nensimbi ekugqwaleni, kodwa idinga ukunakwa okucophelelayo emininingwaneni kanye nokuhambisana nezidingo ezithile. Kusukela ekukhethweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo nokulungiswa kwendawo ukuya ekubunjweni kokugeza, isikhathi sokucwiliswa, kanye nokwelashwa kwangemuva kokuvuthwa, isinyathelo ngasinye sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuzuzeni izimbotshana zamathayili zekhwalithi ephezulu neziqinile. Ngokulandela lezi zinqubo ezihamba phambili nokugcina ukulawula ikhwalithi okuqinile, abakhiqizi bangaqinisekisa ukuthi imikhiqizo yabo yamagalani iletha ukusebenza okuhle nokuhlala isikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Sep-18-2024