Ingabe I-Galvanizing Screws Namantongomane Kuyafaneleka

Ufuna i-hardware ehlala njalo. Izikulufu ezifakwe uthayela namantongomane ngokuvamile zidlula izinketho ezifakwe zinc, ikakhulukazi ngaphandle. Bheka nje izinombolo ezingezansi:

Uma usebenzisa ngendlela efaneleIsikulufu kanye Nezinsimbi Zokugalela Amantongomane, uthola ukuvikeleka okuthembekile.Izisetshenziswa Zokugalelakwenza umehluko ocacile ekuqineni.

Okuthathwayo Okubalulekile

• Izikulufu namantongomaneihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu kunezinketho ze-zinc-plated, okuzenza zilungele amaphrojekthi angaphandle.
• Ukumbozwa kwe-zinc kuma-fasteners ama-galvanized kuyahlinzekaukumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu, ezivikela ekugqwaleni ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.
• Ukukhetha izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezinothayela kungaholela ekongeni kwezindleko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokwehliswa kokunakekelwa kanye nokushintshwa okumbalwa.

Izinzuzo Eziyinhloko Zezikulufu Ezivutshiwe Namantongomane

Ukumelana Nokugqwala

Ufuna izikulufu zakho namantongomane kuhlale isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinzima.Izinsimbi zokubophaube ne-zinc enamathela evikela ukugqwala. Lesi singqimba sisebenza njengesivikelo kumswakama kanye namakhemikhali. Ungasebenzisa lezi zikulufu namantongomane ngaphandle, ezindaweni ezinomswakama, noma eduze nolwandle.

Ucwaningo luhlole ukusebenza kokugqwala komkhathi kwamabhawudi ensimbi enathayela endaweni yasolwandle phakathi neminyaka emibili. Ithole ukuthi ukumbozwa kwe-zinc kunikeza ukuvikeleka okuncane ku-substrate yensimbi engaphansi, futhi naphezu kokwakheka kongqimba oluminyene lokugqwala, ukuwohloka kwe-fastener kwakubucayi, okubonisa ukuthambekela okuphezulu kokucwenga kanye nokuxetshulwa kwentambo okungase kube khona.

Insimbi engagqwali ayifani nokumelana nokugqwala kwensimbi engagqwali, kodwa isanikeza ukuvikeleka okungcono kunensimbi engenalutho. Ungabona umehluko kuthebula elingezansi:

Ukuqina Kwesikhathi Eside

Udinga izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ezimelana nokuhlolwa kwesikhathi.Izikulufu namantongomaneihlala isikhathi eside kakhulu kune-zinc-plated. I-zinc coating ibasiza ukuthi bamelane nezimo ezimanzi kanye nesimo sezulu esibi. Ungathembela kuzo kumaphrojekthi angaphandle afana nothango, amabhuloho, namadekhi.

• Izikulufu eziqinile eziqinile zinikeza amandla amangalisayo nokuqina kwamaphrojekthi angaphandle.
• Ziyindlela engabizi kakhulu kunensimbi engagqwali, okubenza babe ukukhetha okusebenzayo kwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.
• Izikulufu ezifakwe uthayela zisebenza kahle kumaphrojekthi angaphandle ngenxa yokwembozwa kwe-zinc, okubasiza ukuthi bamelane nezimo ezimanzi kanye nesimo sezulu esibi.
• Bahlinzeka ngoxhumano oluqinile lwezakhiwo ezinjengocingo, okwenza kube ukukhetha okuqinile kwezicelo zangaphandle.

Ungaqhathanisa isikhathi sokuphila sezinsimbi ezihlukene:

• Izikulufu ezifakwe zinc: iminyaka eyi-10-15 ngaphakathi endlini, iminyaka engu-1-3 ngaphandle ezindaweni ezisobala.
• Izikulufu ezifakwe emanzini ashisayo: Ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 ngaphakathi endlini, iminyaka eyi-10-20 ngaphandle, iminyaka emi-5-7 eduze kolwandle.
• Izikulufu zensimbi engagqwali ezingu-304: Ukuphila konke ngaphakathi endlini, iminyaka engu-30+ ngaphandle, iminyaka engu-10-15 ezindaweni zasolwandle.
• Izikulufu zensimbi engagqwali ezingu-316: Isikhathi sokuphila cishe kuzo zonke izindawo, ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-25 ngasolwandle.
• Izikulufo zethusi ze-silicon: iminyaka engu-50+ emanzini anosawoti.

Izikulufu ezinamathayela namantongomane zingahlala amashumi eminyaka ezindaweni eziningi. Ishadi elingezansi libonisa ukuthi ungalindela ukuthi zihlale isikhathi esingakanani:

Ukonga Izindleko Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi

Uyonga imali uma ukhetha izikulufu namantongomane. Lezi zibophelelo zidinga ukulungiswa okuncane nokushintshwa okumbalwa. Uchitha imali encane ekulungiseni nasekusebenzeni eminyakeni edlule.

• Izindleko Ezincishisiwe Zokulungisa: Insimbi enamagalazi idinga ukulungiswa okuncane phakathi nesikhathi sokuphila kwayo konke, okuholela ekongeni okubalulekile ezindlekweni zokunakekela.
• Ukuphila Okunwetshiwe: Ukuphila okude kwezinsimbi kunciphisa isidingo sokushintshwa njalo, okuphinde kube nomthelela ekongeni izindleko.

Uthola inani elithe xaxa lokutshala kwakho imali. Izingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha eziphehliwe zikusiza ukuthi ugweme izindleko ezingalindelekile futhi zigcine amaphrojekthi akho eqinile iminyaka.

Ukuguquguquka Ezindaweni Ezihlukene

Ungasebenzisa izikulufu ezinamathayela namantongomane ezindaweni eziningi. Basebenza kahle ngaphandle, ezindaweni ezimanzi, nasezindaweni ezinesimo sezulu esishintshayo. Ukugqoka kwabo kwe-zinc kubenza babe ukukhetha okuphezulu kumaphrojekthi wokwakha nangaphandle.

Izikulufu ezifakwe uthayela namantongomane zihamba kahle endaweni engaphandle kanye nephezulu enomswakama ngenxa yokuqina kwazo okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokumelana nokugqwala, okuzenza zibe yinketho ekhethwayo yokwakha kanye nemiklamo yangaphandle.

Izimboni eziningi zithembele kuma-hardware ama-galvanized ngoba azivumelanisa nezimo ezahlukene. Ungabona ukusetshenziswa okuvamile etafuleni elingezansi:

Ungathemba izikulufu namantongomane anamathangi ukuze usebenze kuzilungiselelo eziningi, kusukela emapulazini kuya ezimbonini kuya ezakhiweni ezisogwini.

Okungalungi Okubalulekile Kwezingxenyekazi Zekhompyutha Ezikhandisiwe

Ingozi Ye-Hydrogen Embrittlement

Udinga ukwazi mayelanaukuntuleka kwe-hydrogenngaphambi kokukhetha izikulufo zikathayela namantongomane. Le nkinga yenzeka lapho i-hydrogen ingena ensimbi futhi iyenze ibe brittle. I-Brittle metal ingaqhekeka noma iphuke ngaphansi kwengcindezi.

Ziningana izici ezandisa ubungozi be-hydrogen embrittlement:

• Ukugqwala, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezine-asidi noma ezinosawoti, kukhiqiza i-hydrogen ezindaweni zensimbi.
• Umswakama udlala indima enkulu, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinomswakama ophezulu.
• Ukuchayeka ngesikhathi sokwakha, njengokusebenza ezimeni ezimanzi, kungasheshisa ukungena kwe-hydrogen.
• Izimo zesevisi ezinamazinga angaqinisekile noma omswakamo aphezulu ziphakamisa ubungozi.

Futhi ubhekana nengozi enkulu uma lezi zinto ezintathu zenzeka ndawonye:

1. IHydrojeni ikhona.
2. I-fastener ingaphansi komthwalo oqhubekayo noma ingcindezi.
3. Impahla iyathinteka, ikakhulukazi insimbi enamandla kakhulu.

Ukucindezeleka okungahlosiwe ngesikhathi sokufakwa kungalayisha izikulufu ngokweqile futhi kwenze i-embrittlement ibe lula kakhulu. Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi ulawule imithombo yokucindezeleka futhi ugweme ukuqinisa kakhulu izinsimbi.

Ithiphu:Uma usebenzisa izixhumi eziqinile endaweni emanzi noma ebolayo, hlola izimpawu zokuqhekeka noma ukuphelelwa amandla ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izinkinga Zokuqiniswa Ezisuka Ebugqileni Be-Zinc Coating

Izikulufu eziphehliwe kanye namantongomane ane-zinc ewugqinsi. Lokhu kuvikela kuvikela ukugqwala, kodwa kungabangela izinkinga uma uzama ukuhlanganisa izingxenye ndawonye. Ugqinsi longqimba lwezinc lungenza izikulufu namantongomane kube nzima ukungena emigodini noma emicu.

Izindinganiso zemboni zibeka imingcele yokuqina kwe-zinc enamathela ukuvimbela izinkinga zokubopha. I-Zinc Plating ivamise ukunikeza ungqimba oluncane, olucwebezelayo, olulungele izibophelelo ezincane ezimweni ezithambile. I-hot-dip galvanizing idala ungqimba olujiyile, olusebenza kangcono ezindaweni ezinokhahlo kodwa lungenza ukuqiniswa kube nzima kakhulu.

• I-zinc Plating inobukhulu obuncane obungamayintshi angu-0.00015.
• I-Hot dip galvanizing ihlinzeka ngokujiya futhi okuhlala isikhathi eside, ugqinsi olungaba ngu-1.0 mm.
• Izibophelelo ezifakwe u-Zinc zisebenza kahle ezindaweni ezithambile, kodwa izibophelelo ezifakwe emanzini ashisayo zingcono ezimeni ezinzima.

Ayilungele Ukusetshenziswa Kwengcindezi Ephezulu

Izikulufu eziphehliwe kanye namantongomane azisebenzi kahle ekucindezelekeni okuphezulu noma ezinsizeni ezithwala umthwalo. Ungabona izinkinga ezifana nokuqhekeka noma ukwehluleka okungazelelwe uma uzisebenzisa lapho kukhona amandla anamandla.

Ingozi ye-hydrogen embrittlement iphezulu ezixhunyweni eziqinile ezinamandla angaphezu kuka-150 ksi. Lolu daba ludala ukuthi insimbi ilahlekelwe yi-ductility futhi iphuke kusenesikhathi. Amazinga emboni, njenge-ASTM A143 kanye ne-ASTM F2329, axwayisa ngokusebenzisa izibophelelo ezifakwe emanzini ashisayo ukuze uthole imisebenzi yamandla aphezulu.

Ezindaweni ezinengcindezi ephezulu, amabhawodi anamathayela angahlushwa ukugqwala kwengcindezi kanye nokuqhekeka okwenziwe yi-hydrogen. Amandla abo angehla ngaphezu kuka-20% ngemva kokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside. Okuqukethwe kwe-hydrogen kulawa mabhawodi kungakhuphuka ngaphezu kuka-300%, kuwenze abe maningi amathuba okuthi ahluleke. Amabhawudi ahlanganiswe amandla aphezulu agcina izakhiwo zawo zemishini zingcono ngaphansi kwengcindezi.

Qaphela:Kumabhuloho, imishini esindayo, noma izisekelo zesakhiwo, kufanele ukhethe izinto zokubopha ezenziwe ngezinto eziqinile njengensimbi engagqwali noma insimbi yengxubevange.

Ukukhathazeka Ngokuhambisana Nezinye Izinto

Kufanele ucabangele ukuhambisana uma usebenzisa izikulufu ezinamathayela namantongomane nezinye izinto zokwakha. Ezinye izinhlanganisela zingabangela ukugqwala noma ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okwenza buthaka iphrojekthi yakho.

Imithombo eminingana ezimele iye yaxwayisa ngokuthi ukugqwala okumhlophe nokubomvu kwenzeka ngokushesha lapho izinsimbi ezifakwe uthayela ezishisayo zihlolwa ngokhuni olufakwe i-arsenate. Ngokombiko we-EPA, '[t]lapha kuye kwaba nokuhlolwa okusheshiswa kweminyaka yobudala okwenziwa imboni yezokwakha okubonisa ukuthi ngisho ne-hardware ekhangisa ukumelana nokugqwala okuthuthukisiwe iqala ukubonisa izimpawu zokugqwala phakathi kwamahora angu-1000 wokuhlola okusheshisa ubudala (okulingana neminyaka engu-16 yokuchayeka okufakiwe) lapho isetshenziswa ngokhuni olulashwe nge-ACQ.'

• Izingodo ezifakwe i-preservative zingase zingahambisani nezikulufu ezine-zinc plated ne-aluminium.
• Izibophelelo zensimbi engagqwali noma izinzipho ezishisayo zediphu ezenzelwe i-ASTM A153 Ikilasi D noma zisebenza kangcono kakhulu ngamapulangwe alungisiwe.
• Lapho unamathisela amapaneli ensimbi okhunini oluphathwayo, ungasebenzisa umgoqo womswakama phakathi kwepulangwe nephaneli.
• Izinto zokubopha ezingahambelani zifaka izikulufu ezicwebezelwe zinc, izikulufu ezinekhanda lengxubevange ye-zinc, nezikulufu ezinekhephu engagqwali.

Ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kungenzeka futhi phakathi kwezingubo zikathayela nokhonkolo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokwelapha. Le nqubo ikhulula igesi ye-hydrogen futhi yenza buthaka isibopho phakathi kwe-rebar enamagalani kanye nokhonkolo. Ukwelashwa kweChromate kusiza ukunciphisa lezi zinkinga.

Isexwayiso:Njalo hlola ukuhambisana kwezibophelelo zakho nezinto ezikuphrojekthi yakho. Ukusebenzisa inhlanganisela engalungile kungaholela ekugqwaleni kwasekuqaleni, amalunga abuthakathaka, noma ngisho nokwehluleka kwesakhiwo.

Lapho Kufanele Usebenzise Izikulufo Ezivuthisiwe Namantongomane

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinhle kakhulu zephrojekthi

Uthola inani elikhulu kakhuluizikulufu zikathayela namantongomanekumaphrojekthi abhekene nesimo sezulu, umswakama, noma ukuchayeka ngaphandle. Ochwepheshe bemboni batusa lezi zibophelelo zokusetshenziswa okubalulekile okuningana:

1. Amaphrojekthi Angaphandle: Ungasebenzisa izikulufu zikathayela uthango, amadekhi, kanye nefenisha yangaphandle. Ukumelana nokugqwala kwabo kugcina umsebenzi wakho uqinile ngisho nasemvuleni noma elangeni.
2. Amaphrojekthi Wokwakha: Abakhi bavamise ukukhetha izinsimbi zokuqinisa amafreyimu esakhiwo kanye nokwakhiwa okujwayelekile. Uyazuza ngokuhlala isikhathi eside kanye nezindleko eziphansi.
3. Woodwork kanye Decking: Izikulufu ezinothayela zisebenza kahle ngamapulangwe aphekiwe. Basiza ukuvimbela amabala kanye nokulimala kwezinkuni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ithiphu:Amakhodi wokwakha ngokuvamile adinga ama-galvanized ashisiwe, insimbi engagqwali, noma izinsimbi zethusi ze-silicon kumaphrojekthi anokhuni olufakwe isivikelo. Ukuze ufulele, kufanele usebenzise izinsimbi zokubopha ukuze uhlangabezane nezindinganiso zokuphepha.

Isikhathi Sokucatshangelwa Okunye Okungenziwa

Kufanele ubheke ezinye izinhlobo zokubopha uma iphrojekthi yakho ibhekene nengcindezi enkulu, amakhemikhali, noma amanzi anosawoti. Izibophelelo zensimbi engagqwali zisebenza kangcono olwandle, ukucubungula ukudla, noma izilungiselelo zezokwelapha. Zihlala isikhathi eside futhi zimelana nokugqwala kangcono kunezinsimbi, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinokhahlo.

Izingubo ezifakwe uthayela zivikela insimbi emanzini olwandle, kodwa usawoti namakhemikhali kungawohloka ngokushesha. Insimbi engagqwali inikeza ukusebenza okungcono kwesikhathi eside kulezi zindawo ezinzima. Khetha isixhumi esilungile sendawo yakho ukuze ugcine iphrojekthi yakho iphephile futhi iqinile.

Ukukhetha Izibophelelo Ezisezingeni Elikhandisiwe